NHI.no
Annonse
Informasjon, veiviser

Dårlig ånde

Dårlig ånde er et vanlig fenomen og er mest fremtredende om morgenen.

Dårlig ånde skyldes i de fleste tilfeller tilstander i munnhulen.

Sist oppdatert:

8. des. 2021

Dette dokumentet er basert på det profesjonelle dokumentet Dårlig ånde . Referanselisten for dette dokumentet vises nedenfor

  1. Porter SR, Scully C. Oral malodour (halitosis). BMJ 2006; 333: 632-5. PubMed
  2. Scully C, Felix DH. Oral medicine - update for the dental practitioner: oral malodour. Br Dent J 2005; 199: 498-500. PubMed
  3. Rosenberg M, Knaan T, Cohen D. Association among bad breath, body mass index, and alcohol intake. J Dent Res. 2007;86:997-1000. PubMed
  4. Kini VV, Pereira R, Padhye A, et al. Diagnosis and Treatment of Halitosis: An Overview. J Contemp Dent 2012;2(3):89-95. PubMed
  5. Porter SR, Fedele S. Halitosis. BMJ Best Practice, last updated Nov 2017. bestpractice.bmj.com
  6. Villa A, Bruch JM. Bad breath. UpToDate, last updated May 06, 2021. UpToDate
  7. Kumbargere Nagraj S, Eachempati P, Uma E. Interventions for managing halitosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2019, Issue 12. Art. No.: CD012213. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD012213.pub2. DOI
  8. Kuo YW, Yen M, Fetzer S, et al. Toothbrushing versus toothbrushing plus tongue cleaning in reducing halitosis and tongue coating: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nurs Res. 2013;62:422-429. PubMed
  9. Ademovski SE, Persson GR, Winkel E, et al. The short-term treatment effects on the microbiota at the dorsum of the tongue in intra-oral halitosis patients - a randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig. 2013;17:463-473. PubMed
  10. Blom T, Slot DE, Quirynen M, et al. The effect of mouthrinses on oral malodor: a systematic review. Int J Dent Hyg. 2012;10:209-222. PubMed
  11. Dadamio J, Van Tournout M, Teughels W, et al. Efficacy of different mouthrinse formulations in reducing oral malodour: a randomized clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2013;40:505-513. PubMed
  12. McCullough MJ, Farah CS. The role of alcohol in oral carcinogenesis with particular reference to alcohol-containing mouthwashes. Aust Dent J 2008; 53: 302. PMID 19133944
  13. Thrane PS, Young A, Jonski G, Rølla G. A new mouthrinse combining zinc and chlorhexidine in low concentrations provides superior efficacy against halitosis compared to existing formulations: a double-blind clinical study. J Clin Dent 2007; 18: 82-6. pmid:17913002 PubMed
  14. Hu D, Zhang YP, Petrone M, Volpe AR, DeVizio W, Giniger M. Clinical effectiveness of a triclosan/copolymer/sodium fluoride dentifrice in controlling oral malodour: a 3 week clinical trial. Oral Dis 2005; 11: 51-3. PubMed
  15. Niles HP, Hunter C, Vazquez J, Williams MI, Cummins D. The clinical comparison of a triclosan/copolymer/sodium fluoride dentifrice vs a breath-freshening dentifrice in reducing breath odor overnight: a crossover study. Oral Dis 2005; 11: 54-6. PubMed
  16. Wylleman A, Vuylsteke F, Dekeyser C, Teughels W, Quirynen M, Laleman I. Alternative therapies in controlling oral malodour: a systematic review published online ahead of print, 2020 Nov 23. J Breath Res. 2020;10.1088/1752-7163/abcd2b. PMID: 33227726 PubMed
Annonse
Annonse