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NHI.no

--&gt; https://nrr.org/images/nedlasting/pdf/NRR_og_NFR_Guidelines_2021_Generell_forstehjelp.pdf

Norsk Resuscitasjonsråd. Norsk Førstehjelpsråd sine anbefalinger for generell førstehjelp 2021. Publisert 18.06.2021. 

Et hjerteattakk skyldes en blokkering, vanligvis en blodpropp, som dannes inne i en pulsåre (koronararterie) som bringer blod til deler av hjertemuskelen

Blokkeringen medfører at denne delen av hjertemuskelen mister blodforsyningen. Konsekvensene av blokkeringen avhenger av hvor mye av hjertemuskelen som frarøves blodforsyning. Uansett oppstår i de aller fleste tilfeller akutte brystsmerter

Den alvorligste komplikasjonen til et hjerteattakk er at det oppstår en rytmefeil i hjertet - asystole eller ventrikkelflimmer - noe som fører til hjertestans

Hvis du mistenker et hjerteattakk, må pasienten ta det med ro og man må sørge for at vedkommende kommer på sykehus så raskt som mulig

Bakgrunn

Brystsmerter, sammensnørende, kan stråle opp i kjeven og ut i armene

Eventuelt svimmelhet og besvimelsestendens

Typiske symptomer og tegn

Få vedkommende til å sette seg ned og slappe av

Ring 113 eller tilkall på annen måte akutt medisinsk hjelp

Bor du langt fra sykehus eller lege, kan det noen ganger være raskere å få den syke inn i en bil og kjøre til nærmeste sykehus 

Eventuelt kan det være aktuelt å bruke luftambulanse

Hvis du selv har et hjerteattakk, må du aldri kjøre bil selv

Dersom tilgjengelig, i samråd med 113 ta en tablett med salisylat og eventuelt nitroglycerin 

Aspirin eller Albyl 300-350 mg - tygg den for å påskynde opptaket

Om pasienten har anginamedisin som nitroglycerin, bør det tas

Hvis den syke er bevisstløs, kan det være at den akuttmedisinske sentralen du ringer (113) ber deg om å begynne med hjertelungeredning

Selv om du ikke har trening i det, kan sentralen forklare hvordan du gjør det

Hjerteinfarkt

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Norsk hjerteinfarktregister. Årsrapport 2022. 

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Journal of the American Medical Association

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Zhang C, Li T, Chen X. Acute Myocardial Infarction or Not? JAMA Intern Med. Published online April 18, 2022. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.0519 

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--&gt; http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007160.pub4

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Grønvold T, Evang JA, Stensæth KH. En 51 år gammel kvinne med akutte brystsmerter. Tidsskr Nor Legeforen 2008; 128: 2836-8. 

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Pitt B, White H, Nicolau J, et al. Eplerenone reduces mortality 30 days after randomization following acute myocardial infarction in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction and heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 46: 425-31. 

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--&gt; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2015-308980

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--&gt; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2019-001169

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--&gt; http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046251

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--&gt; http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.o1444

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--&gt; http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1707914

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Solomon SD, Zelenkofske S, McMurray JJ, et al, for the Valsartan in Acute Myocardial Infarction Trial (VALIANT) Investigators. Sudden death in patients with myocardial infarction and left ventricular dysfunction, heart failure, or both. N Engl J Med 2005; 352: 2581-8. 

Lichtman JH, Bigger JT, Blumenthal JA et al. Depression and coronary heart disease. Circulation 2008; 118: . 

--&gt; https://www.fhi.no/nyheter/2019/dodsfall-etter-hjerteinfarkt-og-hjerneslag-er-dramatisk-redusert-siste-ti-a/

Folkehelseinstituttet. Dødsfall etter hjerteinfarkt og hjerneslag er dramatisk redusert. Dødsårsaksregisteret. Publisert 04.12.2019 

--&gt; https://www.fhi.no/contentassets/4489efb7f1f8462293a62b46e0f2d924/30-dagers-overlevelse-og-reinnleggelse-etter-sykehusinnleggelse-2019-hovedrapport.pdf

Folkehelseinstituttet. Kvalitet i helsetjenesten. 30 dagers overlevelse og reinnleggelse etter sykehusinnleggelse. Resultater for 2019. FHI 2020. 

Førstehjelp ved akutte brystsmerter

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